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Relationship of Self-Perceptions of Memory and Worry to Objective Measures of Memory and Cognition in the General Population

Received June 6, 2002; revision received Jan. 10, 2003; accepted Feb. 6, 2003. From the Departments of Epidemiology and Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore; the Department of Psychiatry, Naval Medical Center San Diego; and the Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. Address reprint requests to Dr. Lyketsos, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N. Wolfe St., Osler 320, Baltimore, MD 21287; kostas{at}jhmi.edu (e-mail).

This investigation compared how perceived memory ability or level of worry about memory related to performance on objective tests of memory and cognition. Data from 1,488 participants from the Baltimore cohort of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study were analyzed. Significant associations were found between self-ratings of memory and each of four objective measures of cognitive functioning. Memory worry was associated with worse delayed recall but not with worse word recognition, lower current Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, or greater change in MMSE score over time. Individuals experiencing changes in cognitive function appear to have some awareness of their condition, and a simple probe of a person's perception of memory in the context of a general medical evaluation may help identify those who need further assessment.

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