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Tricyclic Antidepressants and Cognitive Decline

Received June 15, 2001; revised October 10, 2001; accepted October 18, 2001. From the Departments of Epidemiology and Mental Hygiene, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the Neuropsychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Lyketsos, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N. Wolfe St, Osler 320, Baltimore, MD 21287. E-mail: kostas{at}jhmi.edu

In this study, we sought to determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relations of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) use to cognitive function and cognitive change in a population-based sample of adults (n=1,488). Sociodemographic information, TCA use, and baseline scores on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) were determined in the initial two waves of the study. At wave 3, participants repeated the MMSE; the prospective relation was assessed for change between waves 2 and 3 (median 11.5 years). These findings failed to support the concept that TCA use is related to concurrent measurable cognitive deficits, and TCA use does not appear to significantly compromise memory over a substantial time span.

Key Words: Depression • Cognition

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