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Alexithymia in DSM-IV Disorder

Comparative Evaluation of Somatoform Disorder, Panic Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Depression

Received May 4, 2000; revised November 27, 2000; accepted November 30, 2000. From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Vienna, Austria. Address reprint requests to Dr. Bankier, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Social Psychiatry and Evaluation Research, University of Vienna, Austria, A-1090 Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20; E-mail: bettina.bankier{at}akh-wien.ac.at

The purpose of this study was a direct comparative evaluation of alexithymia in patients with somatoform disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression, taking into account the multidimensionality of the alexithymia construct. The authors administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) to a sample of 234 subjects. Panic disorder, but no other diagnosis, was significantly related to lower TAS-20 total scores (P=0.000). Regarding TAS-20 subfactors, Factor 1 was significantly associated with somatoform disorder (P=0.006) and depression (P=0.002), Factor 2 was significantly associated with depression (P=0.025), and Factor 3 was significantly associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (P=0.001), whereas panic disorder showed a significant negative correlation with Factor 3 (P=0.001). The relationships of the three subfactors with various DSM-IV diagnoses and sociodemographic variables emphasize the multidimensionality of alexithymia.

Key Words: Alexithymia • Somatoform Disorder • Panic Disorder

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